Research shows that blood tests can detect depression and bipolar disorder

Globally, 1 in 4 people will suffer from depression in their lifetime. Although current diagnosis and treatment methods are largely trial and error, a breakthrough study by researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine reveals the biological basis of mood disorders and provides a promising blood test , Which aims to use precision medicine for treatment.

Under the leadership of Dr. Alexander B. Niculescu, Professor of Psychiatry at the IU School of Medicine, this study was published today (April 8, 2021) in the high-impact journal Molecular Psychiatry. This work builds on Niculescu and his colleagues' previous research on blood biomarkers that track suicide and pain, post-traumatic stress disorder, and Alzheimer's disease.

The team’s work describes the development of a blood test composed of RNA biomarkers that can distinguish how severe a patient’s depression is, their risk of developing major depression in the future, and the future of bipolar disorder (bipolar disorder). )risks of. The test also provides a reference for the patient's tailor-made drug selection.

This comprehensive study lasted four years and recruited more than 300 participants from the patient population of the Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center in Indianapolis. The team adopted a cautious approach of four steps: discovery, prioritization, verification, and testing. First, long-term follow-up of participants. Researchers observe their conditions in high mood and low mood, and each time they record the changes in the biomarkers (biomarkers) in their blood between the two states.

Next, Niculescu's team used all the large databases previously developed in this field to cross-validate and prioritize their research results. From here, the researchers verified the first 26 candidate biomarkers in an independent cohort of patients with clinically severe depression or mania. Finally, these biomarkers were tested in additional independent cohorts to determine how strong they are in predicting who will be sick and who will be sick in the future.

From this method, researchers can prove how to match patients with drugs and even find a new potential drug to treat depression. In addition to the diagnosis and treatment progress found in the latest research, Niculescu's team also found that mood disorders are controlled by circadian clock genes, which regulate seasonality, day and night, and sleep and wake cycles. This explains why some patients get worse with the change of seasons and sleep changes in mood disorders.

The translation of the results of this research into clinical practice opens the door, and at the same time contributes to the development of new drugs, which is essential for improving the quality of life of countless patients.

12 kinds of thoughts that can easily cause depression | change cognition

 

In the course of human life, due to the mutual influence of various factors such as social environment, self-psychology, and biological genetics, the functions of the brain's organs lose their healthy balance, physical discomfort, emotional depression, and depression.

Many people will find that depression patients usually show a state of low mood, and they think that helping him adjust his mood can change his negative state. Some family members will take him to some happy places and lively atmosphere, but most of the time All in vain.

In fact, for patients with depression, poor thinking, or cognitive impairment, is the main source of depression. From a psychological point of view, what are the main ways of thinking that are likely to cause depression? What about depression?

01. Self-denial

The first mode of thinking is called self-denial. Depressed people are good at denying their own positive emotions and positive behaviors; on the contrary, they are particularly "tolerant" to their negative emotions and negative behaviors.

They subconsciously allow their negative emotions to grow, even though they do not like them.

If a boy confessed to a girl, she would think, how can a girl who is so unsightly like herself have happiness? Certainly this relationship cannot last. And when the boy finally left her, she would smile bitterly, look, I said earlier that I can't have happiness.

She will subconsciously deny her positive emotions, but is very relaxed about negative emotions. When she wanted to get out of this state, she would subconsciously deny her active efforts and behavior.

For example: When she runs for a day or two, and interrupts for some reason, she will say that she has no perseverance, and it seems she is destined to be like this for a lifetime. Even if she persisted for a long, long time, she would think that her hard work for so long was in vain, and she still didn't keep going.

In other words, people who are depressed will subconsciously be good at cultivating their own sense of frustration and hitting their sense of accomplishment.

Therefore, if you want to completely get out of depression, you must completely rebuild your thinking mode.

02. Guilty

This bad perception is the mother of guilt. The specific manifestation is: any negative event that occurs in your life, even though it has nothing to do with you, you will arbitrarily think that the reason why it happened is your fault, or it proves your incompetence.

Example: Your boyfriend is sick today, you will directly think: I am not good, I did not take good care of him, I am not a competent girlfriend, so I feel guilty.

Putting blame on yourself will make you feel extremely guilty, and your strong sense of responsibility will force you to bear the whole world and make you breathless.

You confuse the concepts of "influencing others" and "controlling others".

You need to realize that no matter what your identity is, you will influence others to a certain extent.

But in the end, what other people like to do is his business, you can't control it, can you?

03. One or the other

The worst effect caused by this bad way is that when you look at people or things, you have a tendency to absolute.

For example: if you fail in an exam, you will think, I am a failure, I am a waste. But in fact, you just failed the exam one time. No one will succeed in the exam for the rest of your life, and you will get 100 points each time.

Therefore, this either-or thinking is essentially a manifestation of perfectionism. It will make you afraid of any mistakes or imperfections.

And this way of thinking is unrealistic, because there are very few extreme polarities in life. No one is absolutely smart or stupid, and no one is absolutely beautiful or ugly.

There are not only black and white, but also gray areas in life.

04. Partial generalization

This way of thinking makes you arbitrarily think: if something happened to you once, it will happen repeatedly, leading to the worst results.

This kind of deviant way of thinking in life may have been experienced by everyone, but if you consider most of the events in this respect, then it will have a great impact on your life.

For example, a 26-year-old boy asked me to consult because of a relationship problem: He said: I like this girl, and I had the courage to ask her out last time, but unfortunately, she said that she had something to do that day, so she refused me.

Therefore, the boy’s thinking mode is: I am a normal person, and I am not a rich second generation. I will never find a girlfriend like this. No one wants to date me. I will definitely be a single dog in my life. Up.

It is not difficult to see that the boy's way of thinking is: He concluded that this girl would refuse her once, and that she would always reject herself in the future, and that all girls would never date herself.

Therefore, from this perspective, he came to a final conclusion, that is: I will never get married for the rest of my life.

But in fact, during the consultation process, we found that the girl only rejected him once, and there was indeed something to be dealt with that day, and the boy only asked her once.

He was not defeated by fate, but he was defeated in the end by his partial and wrong way of thinking.

05. Selective filtering

There has been such an experiment in psychology. When two faces are presented to patients with depression at the same time, one is joyful and the other is fear and sadness. The first thing that a depressed patient notices is the sad face, and seldom pays attention to the happy face, even the neutral face.

Generally speaking, patients with depression will have such a psychological processing tendency: they will spend more time paying attention to negative emotions or events in life, and will often recall some unpleasant and bad things.

This way of thinking will allow you to pick out negative information from any situation in your life, repeat it, and then you will feel that the world is negative.

So, when you are depressed, you are like wearing a pair of tinted glasses, which will filter out any positive content. And you yourself are not aware of this "filtering process", so you will feel that everything is negative, which will make you experience unnecessary pain.

06. Disastrous

The biggest feature of this way of thinking is "zoom in" and "zoom out". How do you say?

Specifically, you will habitually enlarge or reduce certain facts too much.

Interestingly, you tend to amplify your own emotions of error, imperfection, or fear, and exaggerate their importance and disastrous consequences.

For example: if you make a mistake in some of the content that was originally prepared at a certain meeting, your catastrophic thinking mode will naturally appear in your mind: God, I actually made such a mistake, it is terrible , Everyone in the company will know immediately, my reputation is ruined!

Therefore, you are looking at your mistake with a magnifying glass. In this way, the mistake becomes very huge, and you have successfully transformed an ordinary negative event into a catastrophic event.

But in fact, other colleagues may not know what you said wrong, and even if they do, will they really treat you differently because of this small mistake? impossible!

Similarly, for your own advantages, you will use the zoom lens to see. You will ignore your strengths and make them very small and insignificant.

Through this catastrophic way of thinking, you succeeded in making yourself more and more inferior.

07. Attribution bias

This kind of attribution bias, in summary, is: external attribution for positive events and internal attribution for negative events.

This is a more outrageous psychological illusion. It is clear that something is developing in a good direction, or there are some neutral signals. People with this mode of thinking will often attribute or interpret them as dangerous precursors. Convert these positive experiences into negative experiences.

Some people have a tendency to blame themselves, thinking that good things are done by others, and bad things are done by themselves.

Most people with mental health tend to attribute positive events internally and externally attribute negative events.

For example: When you are praised by others for something, this way of thinking will tell you: This is just their outward politeness and has nothing to do with me.

There are also some girls, if others express that they like her, she will say: These people don't know me, I am actually a very bad woman, and no one really likes me.

Therefore, people with this way of thinking can turn happiness into troubles and transform positive experiences into negative experiences in a short period of time.

However, you may not know what you are doing.

08. Random labeling

Labeling yourself means using mistakes to establish a completely negative self-image.

It is an extreme form of partial generalization, and the idea behind it is "when measuring a person, we must use his mistakes as the yardstick."

Just describe your mistake with a sentence that starts with "I am a..." and you are probably labeling yourself.

For example: You lose because of investing in stocks. At this time, you are likely to label yourself and say: I am a fool, I am a useless person. But the fact is that the stock market has gone up and down, and you only make occasional misjudgments. So, you just made a mistake.

Labeling yourself is not only annoying, but also ridiculous and stupid. Because, please remember: your ego cannot be equal to any one thing you do.

In addition, labeling indiscriminately will make you use inaccurate words when describing things, and it will be too emotional.

For example: When you face the temptation of a box of ice cream, but want to lose weight, you will think like this: I hate myself to death, I am really a pig.

This kind of thinking will make you very upset, and the most likely thing is that you will be emotional and just sweep away all the ice cream.

09. Emotional Reasoning

This way of thinking is: You use emotions as a basis for facts.

Every time the mood is low, almost emotional reasoning is at work.

In your opinion, the facts are so unsuccessful, so the actual situation must be like this. You never even thought of questioning whether the assumptions that led to your feelings are correct.

This kind of reasoning is misleading, because your feelings reflect only your thoughts and beliefs. If they are distorted, then your emotions will lose their correctness.

For example: I feel guilty, then I must have done something wrong; I feel very broken, then my problem must be unsolvable; I am not in the mood to do anything, so I might as well lie on the sofa in a daze; I feel inferior, Then I must be a useless person.

A common consequence of emotional reasoning is procrastination.

The house’s hygiene has not been cleaned for a week because you told yourself: I’m so tired of thinking about these messy housework. It seems that it’s hard to clean up, so it’s better not to do it, and wait for it later. Right.

But in fact, the sanitation work at home is not as bad as you think. You have been deceiving yourself. This is because you are used to letting negative feelings guide your behavior.

10. Self-judgment

You always unconsciously make some good and bad, good and bad evaluations of yourself, others and things, instead of simply describing, accepting and understanding.

This way of thinking is mainly manifested in: You often judge things arbitrarily and always feel that they are not perfect.

For example: How good his basketball is, and I, even after playing for a semester, are still inferior to him; look at how successful he is and join the company at the same time as me. He has become the head of the department, but I have achieved nothing.

When we compare ourselves with others or other things, our self-confidence and self-esteem are often hurt the most.

You know, this world is not perfect, and none of us can be perfect.

However, a person with this kind of thinking mode has always been demanding beauty and self-pressurization, which will become an important factor leading to his depression.

11. Jump to conclusions

In the absence of empirical investigations, they quickly and arbitrarily come to negative conclusions.

There are two ways of thinking like this: mind reading and prophetic mistakes.

What is mind reading?

To put it simply, it is subjective conjecture, speculating on other people's ideas, and negating them.

For example: when you eat with your partner after get off work, but she is unhappy, you will have this kind of automatic thinking: She is angry with me, did I do something wrong?

But in fact, if you are willing to ask her one more sentence, you will know that she just made some unpleasant things with her colleagues in the company today.

This self-seeking behavior pattern will form a self-fulfilling prophecy, causing our interpersonal relationship to appear in a state of disharmony. Although nothing happened at the beginning.

The prophet is wrong, a bit like an unknown prophet. And what you predict must be your unfortunate content, not a moment of good luck.

This mode of thinking makes you think that something bad will happen and makes you believe it.

For example, when you are sick, you will think: I am dying, and I will definitely not be able to cure it. This kind of self-prediction about the recovery situation is so negative that it makes you desperate.

If you combine the above two ways of thinking about jumping to conclusions, give an example:

Suppose you call a friend of yours, but no one answers. You waited for a long time, but he still didn't reply. You will think that he just doesn't want to call back and doesn't want to contact you anymore. ——The conclusion of mind reading.

Then, you will be even more angry and decide that you will never call him on the initiative again, because you will think: I call him again, he will think I am pestering him, and I can't afford to lose this person. -Negative prophecies, the prophet is wrong.

From now on you will hide from that friend in behavior and treat this as a shame.

But in fact, this friend did not receive a call from you because he was traveling abroad, and you found out that all the torture was caused by you.

12.Should the law

Regardless of whether you are facing yourself or others, you will try to use "should" sentences to spur yourself or ask others.

You always say to yourself: I should do this, I must do that.

This way of thinking will only make you feel stressed and resentful. In most cases, you will become depressed and discouraged.

Because, when your actual performance is lower than the expected standard, you use "should" or "should not" will make you feel ashamed and guilty, and hate yourself even more.

And when you impose your "should rule" on others, you will feel even more frustrated, because this kind of thinking will only make you lose control, irritable and resentful. If the moral behavior of others is lower than your expectations, you will regard yourself as the incarnation of justice and become angry.

At this time, either you lower your expectations, or you will always be worried about human behavior that does not meet your expectations, and your emotions will get worse and worse.

This way of thinking will confine you to your self-framework and established standards, and will make you live harder and harder and more tired.

These ways of thinking are all important factors that lead to our depression, low respect, and low sense of value.

The point I want to express in this article is: Cognition affects emotions and behavior.

If we can be self-aware in our lives, or help friends around us to find these biased cognitions, it may better help us improve the quality of life and stay away from depression.

Via. Wan

People with mild depression will probably have 7 "pet phrase", I hope you haven't said a word

 As the pace of life accelerates, more and more young people are under high pressure for a long time, and their personal emotions cannot be released to a certain extent, and depression may also occur.

In recent years, more and more people suffer from depression, which has to arouse people's attention. Moreover, for some patients with depression, it is easy to affect their personal life and work, which is harmful to the body.

Therefore, in normal times, we should also pay attention to appropriate adjustments, and for some mild depression patients, there are often the following mantras, I hope you haven't said it.

For people with mild depression, 7 sentences may often be "on your lips", I hope you haven't said it:

"Too annoying." For some patients with mild depression, their ability to withstand stress is relatively low. When they encounter some annoying things, they will become abnormally irritable, and they will often be "annoyed to death". The words are on the lips.

This will lead to a decline in personal emotions, gradually losing confidence in life, and abnormal emotional breakdowns. Therefore, in normal times, we must pay attention to appropriate adjustments. I hope you have not said it.

"No appetite, don't want to eat". For some people suffering from mild depression, their appetite ability will also be reduced, and they will gradually lose interest in eating. They also have no appetite in normal times, and their bodies are gradually losing weight.

Therefore, in life, if this phenomenon occurs frequently for a period of time, you should go to the hospital for related treatment and examination as soon as possible, and learn to adjust your emotions in peacetime, which may be able to achieve a certain improvement effect.

"Why do you feel so tired?" For some people suffering from depression, they often experience abnormal physical exhaustion. In addition to simple physical exhaustion, psychological pressure is relatively large, and they feel exhausted.

It’s often normal. Why do you feel so tired? Such a catch phrase will increase your own psychological burden over time, leading to aggravation of your illness. Therefore, you should also pay attention to proper adjustments and learn proper rest. Play an improvement effect.

"It's my fault". For some people with mild depression, not only do they have relatively low self-confidence, but they also often like to stop their mistakes on themselves, thinking that they are doing badly by themselves, and that’s why they hurt everyone.

This will also lead to poor self-confidence, which will lead to a heavier psychological burden and aggravate the problem of depression. Therefore, in normal times, we must also pay attention to appropriate adjustments, and people around them must also learn to properly guide.

.................................................. ...............................

"I am a useless person." For some people with mild depression, they are often in a state of self-denial. Even if one thing is done perfectly, they still belittle themselves and think that they are useless.

Moreover, I often talk about me as a useless person. Over time, self-confidence will also be frustrated. Being in a state of depression for a long time will also aggravate the occurrence of the disease and have a certain psychological impact. . Therefore, in normal times, we should also pay attention to appropriate adjustments, and encourage people around us, or it can have a relief effect.

"It's boring." For some people with mild depression, they often only see the negative side. Moreover, the personal pressure is relatively too high and they don't know how to release them. As a result, they lose confidence in life and become more irritable.

Sometimes depression and crying often lead to the thought of committing suicide. So in normal times, if you have this type of person around you, you must pay more attention to encourage him and give him confidence, which may help relax your body and mind and alleviate the problem of depression.

"If I die, you can relax." For people with mild depression, due to long-term depression and excessive stress, it will also have a serious psychological impact.

Thinking that oneself is useless and a burden to others, so will also have the thought of committing suicide, thinking that as long as you die, the people around you will be able to relax.

Once such an idea arises, family members should also take care of them in time, see a psychiatrist as soon as possible, and learn to make appropriate improvements, which may effectively alleviate the problem of depression.

Therefore, if people around you often say the above words, it is also a signal of the coming of depression. I hope you can go to the hospital for related treatment and examination as soon as possible. You should also learn to encourage him appropriately, cultivate interests and hobbies, and let him be Life is full of hope, which may help to improve.

The impact of Alzheimer's disease and depression on driving

 

News from the University of Washington's official website on March 18

Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have received three grants totaling more than US$10 million to study the factors that lead to the decline in driving skills of the elderly and determine how to identify driving skills People who have already begun to decline or are on the verge of decline. The ultimate goal is to understand who is at risk so that doctors can intervene to help them maintain their skills or safely adapt to new restrictions.

"Driving is an integral part of Americans' daily lives," said Ganesh Babulal, assistant professor of neurology. Babulal is the lead investigator of two grants and the co-lead investigator of the third grant. "In the next 30 years, the aging population will grow substantially, and driving-not self-driving cars or carpooling, but self-driving-will continue to be the main mode of transportation."

Two of these grants-one from the BrightFocus Foundation and the other from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-support research to determine whether driving changes can identify people with mild and very mild cognitive impairment, or even It is possible to identify people who are in the pre-symptomatic stage of Alzheimer's disease.

Ganesh Babulal, Assistant Professor of Neurology

One in ten people over 65 suffer from Alzheimer's disease. The disease progresses slowly, starting with the accumulation of protein plaques in the brain 20 years or more before the onset of cognitive symptoms.

"Alzheimer's disease affects more than just thinking and memory," said Catherine Roe, associate professor of neurology and co-principal investigator funded by NIH. "It affects your reaction time, vision, strength and gait, mood. All these factors are related to driving, so even before the onset of cognitive symptoms, it may have some impact on driving. This is not unreasonable. ."

In 2015, Roe and Babulal began to study how Alzheimer's disease affects driving in real-world conditions. They designed the Driving Real-World In-Vehicle Evaluation System (DRIVES) chip to monitor how people drive their cars for a long time and the driving patterns nearby. The chip is inserted into a port under the dashboard, and auto mechanics use it to evaluate the car’s computer system. The chip sends a data pulse every 30 seconds, marking the time and the location of the car. When the driver brakes suddenly, accelerates suddenly, or the vehicle hits something, the data recorded by the chip will share this information with researchers.

DRIVES chip

Roe and Babulal have been following some drivers for 5 years. They found that the driving habits of people with Alzheimer's disease deteriorate over time. Now, they want to know whether the reverse is true: Can driving data be used to help identify patients with Alzheimer's disease? Researchers plan to combine driving data with the measured values ​​of molecular signs of Alzheimer’s disease, as well as factors such as age and gender to build a model to identify early Alzheimer’s patients (with or without cognitive symptoms) based on driving habits.

Roe said: "At present, early Alzheimer's disease can be identified by cerebrospinal fluid or brain scans, but most people still can only be diagnosed after showing obvious symptoms of cognitive decline. If we can use driving behavior to help Finding out who may have underlying Alzheimer’s disease will be an economical and natural way to identify people with mild symptoms, or even those with pre-symptoms.”

"Depression and Alzheimer's disease affect memory and thinking in similar ways," Babulal said. "Many Alzheimer's disease studies screen people with depression because it makes the data noisy. We want to embrace This noise. We are very carefully defining what is depression and what is cognitive problem, so that we can try to unravel the effects of depression and Alzheimer’s disease on driving. I suspect that both depression and Alzheimer’s affect driving. I suspect that people who suffer from both depression and Alzheimer’s disease are at the highest risk of deteriorating driving skills, and we really need to pay attention to them from the perspective of driver safety. "

Babulal and Roe are looking for participants 65 years or older to participate in their driving research. Participants need to be able to come to the medical school to receive the DRIVES chip, and undergo clinical evaluation and other molecular signs of Alzheimer's. People outside the St. Louis area can participate remotely, but they need to be able to come in for regular assessments.

What happens when depression is cured?

The first point: Began to understand that "depression recovery" is not the main goal of life.

Many friends with depression will regard "recovery from depression" as their main goal in life. I think "If my depression doesn't get better, I can't do anything."

For example, a former friend of mine quit his job and cultivated at home for a long time because of depression and social fear. In the process of our communication, I focused on his social fear, and his social fear has improved to a certain extent after a period of time.

I told him that you now have the ability to go out in this state. As long as you take this step, you will get better and better.

But he still lies at home every day, does not go out and does not go to work.

I asked him why he is not so scary anymore, why he is still not willing to live a good life. He said that his depression hadn't recovered yet, and he always felt that he would come back again when suddenly, and he was always afraid of not dealing with the various problems of life.

After that, he started to have other questions, which seemed to test me deliberately. As long as he asked him, he would come up with prepared questions to me.

Until one day, he asked me a question.

"Are people with depression unqualified to like others?"

After understanding, he knew that he liked a girl, and the two communicated very well, but because of depression and low self-esteem, he did not dare to pursue each other.

At that time, I told him that the other party has the right to be responsible for yourself, and you only need to be responsible for yourself. If you want to get closer, you must take the initiative to change.

Then he really changed. He often asked me for books. He used to be sloppy and sloppy at home, but now he also goes out to learn how to dress and to work.

At that time, I suddenly understood that he had found various reasons to shirk, in fact, it was because he himself was not really ready to come out, so he was unwilling to let go of his "depression".

Because recovery from depression is actually a false proposition.

Many people take their medicines and treat them well. After they have gradually improved, it is still difficult for them to take the first step. Because they are waiting for "depression to heal completely." I think that only if I am completely well and I am thoroughly prepared can I do what I want to do.

But what can really change people is never "the recovery of depression", but after they recover, they begin to actively pursue the better part of their lives.

Therefore, the most intuitive point of depression recovery is that they no longer regard the recovery of depression as the main goal of life, but forget the so-called "cure" in the process of earnestly participating in life.

When we wholeheartedly want to solve "depression", we actually fall into a misunderstanding. We think that “life will get better once depression is cured.” In fact, it’s the opposite. Depression will disappear silently when we start to live a good life.

The second point: They can better face their "desires".

We all know that depression can make a person "lost energy" and become disinterested in everything.

At the same time, they will demean themselves and think that they are "not worthy" of having all the good things.

In this state, the desires born in one's heart will be forcibly suppressed, and even become a strong sense of shame.

"I do not deserve."

"How dare people like me have such extravagant hopes."

"Don't think like that."

...

They will consume their energy and desires through various forms of internal friction.

But energy and desire are actually the most important "energy" for a depressed patient to get well.

For example, a poor child was very hungry. He wanted to eat other people's chicken drumsticks, so he went to steal it, but he was beaten badly if he didn't steal it.

So he was afraid of being beaten, and he didn't dare to eat the chicken drumsticks until others put them in front of his eyes. Because he felt that he was not worthy of eating chicken drumsticks, because he felt that he would be beaten if he tried to eat them, so he desperately suppressed his desire for chicken drumsticks, even if he starved to death, he did not dare to take this step.

How do we change him at this time?

Many people think that "just rich" can change their "inferiority complex" and "poorness".

But no matter how many chicken legs are eaten, he can't change the "passiveness" in his heart.

The real change is to arouse his desire for "drumsticks".

You can ask him to do a little bit, and when he is done, give him a bun, and then make a bowl of porridge...Finally, when he has done enough, give him the chicken drumsticks.

In this way, he constantly awakens his "self-efficacy" and activates his initiative in life with positive feedback, which can truly change him.

The difference is that for many of us, that "drumstick" is "intimacy", "self-actualization" and so on.

When we are lonely trying to open our own world and believe in someone, but we are betrayed in the end, we will tell ourselves that we should never trust others so stupidly, so we will always be passive and suppress our "wants". . Once you are approached, you feel annoying or want to run away.

When we muster up the courage to get in touch with the world, but suffer a devastating failure and ridicule, we will shrink ourselves, and would rather have nothing to try to go out again.

Therefore, they need to take medicine, stop thinking, exercise restraint and accumulate energy in the worst case.

After sorting out the contradictions in my heart, I then face my inner desires calmly and positively.

Therefore, those who have recovered from depression are often able to admit their desires frankly, and can actively participate in life, to do things that were not dared to do in the past, and to get close to those who dared not to approach in the past.

The third point: They look more "complete".

We are very envious of a kind of person whose life is smooth sailing without any twists and turns. This kind of life seems to be very happy, but from the perspective of "life experience", they have relatively little experience of life.

The opposite is true for people suffering from depression. They are forced to face all the hardships and tortures of life. The problems that you don't need to think about are all superimposed on you.

If everything goes smoothly to make life perfect.

Then depression is to make life more complete.

For most people, the wounds and defects that they have on their backs will only be hidden forever. Because they don't seem to be that important, even that person won't find out.

But for patients with depression, they are already bloodied and riddled with holes. They are so important that they are life-threatening if they are not resolved.

So, you are forced to face them.

Those who are covered with small wounds, forbearance, so-so, make do, and they will end their lives.

However, those who were injured so that they could not move forward had no choice but to stop and make their own choices.

Some people just give up.

Some people stagnate.

After some people have enough rest, they heal themselves and move on.

When "repairing" yourself becomes the top priority of your life, when you have a deeper self-analysis and self-saving, you will be more likely to be complete than those who go forward with defects.

Depression can make people lose energy, become dull, and seem to have no interest in anything.

But because of this, they must also work harder than ordinary people.

Just because I can't experience it, I can't feel it, so I have to work harder.

Some of them worked hard to participate in various activities and laughed cheerfully. Some travel to various places and see different scenery. Some go skydiving and bungee jumping, wanting to arouse awareness of the world...

They like small animals and all kinds of delicacies, and it is extremely important to see the few people in their world.

Because of neurotransmitter disorders and a lot of energy wasted on internal consumption, they will often be shrouded in a sense of nothingness and feel that life has lost its sense of reality.

Therefore, only if they love life more than ordinary people can they resist the sense of nothingness.

Depression is a burdensome journey in life, and it is a sudden required course.

It is a subject that includes philosophy, psychology, and medicine. It forces you to face it every day, constantly learning and training.

It makes you a "heterogeneous" and has to rethink life from another angle.

It has greatly impacted your three views, allowing you to face survival and death, allowing you to redefine the meaning of this life journey from an individual perspective in the edge experience.

When you persist until you find an exit and relieve the pressure, everything will become extremely easy. You will have a premonition that you have passed the lowest point of your life, and the road behind will be smooth, life stress, death anxiety, nihility, the pursuit of meaning... There are no specific problems at each life node.

"I have always hated it, many times, it almost killed me."

"But every time I get through it, it's like waking up from a nightmare, as if it suddenly emerged from a deep and cold water."

"When I breathe desperately, blowing in the wind, and being illuminated by the sun again, I feel that I have become more complete than before."

The fourth point: They can "really stand with themselves".

It is really very, very difficult for a person with depression to do this. That means that they have established their own boundary and self-unity rational three views.

For example, when they think they need to rest, they will let go of all constraints and wholeheartedly allow themselves to rest in the most comfortable way.

They will not criticize themselves, and even when faced with external criticism, they can explain to themselves without breaking their defenses: "Those who claim to care about me do not understand my true state. If they are really good for me, they will Support me. On the contrary, it proves that they are not really good for me, and I don’t have to care about what they say."

Truly standing with oneself does not mean being selfish and emotional. On the contrary, they have formed a set of three views on living in harmony with the emptiness of life for a long time.

It is precisely because I am the person who understands myself the most in this world, so I have to follow my own wishes according to my own feelings in order to truly take good care of myself. In order to survive, they are bound to make some things from the social perspective as light as a feather at some point. This is also the "strong" he gained after defeating depression.

The world in the eyes of depression patients is indeed different from the world in which ordinary people live. And they gradually believe and believe that the world in their eyes is real, which is the process of their "healing".

From a powerless "self" to a powerful "self".

I will believe in myself.

I will recognize myself.

I will value my feelings.

I will cherish every "this moment".

I will pursue every good.

...

And all this will make you feel better and better.

You will not only build your own borders, but you will also build a fortress of life.

You will seriously manage an intimate relationship, have a family, have a passionate job, have two or two friends and hobbies... These are like a fortress to provide you with a solid defense when depression strikes.

The turning point for a person's recovery from depression is to "stand on one's side".

All this seems difficult and far away, but as soon as the turning point is passed, it will become easier and easier.

Depression, a disease that deserves high attention, because its most serious consequence is to make people...

Every year, April 1st is a sad day for many fans, because on April 1st, 2003, Leslie Cheung, suffering from depression, jumped from the Mandarin Oriental Hotel in Central and ended his life. 

To diagnose and treat depression, anxiety, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, insomnia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, hypochondriasis/somatization disorder/health anxiety, bipolar disorder (mood disorder), bulimia nervosa, Adult ADHD and other common mental illnesses have rich clinical experience and experience in diagnosis and treatment. Is there an increase in depression?

Are there more people suffering from depression?

The answer is yes. Studies have shown that the prevalence of depression is gradually increasing. Published research articles online based on "The Lancet · Psychiatry". The results show that the proportion of patients who have had depression in their lifetime is 6.8% of the total population. Compared with the results of previous studies, it is found that the prevalence of depression is generally on the rise.

What is depression? What does it do?

Depression is one of the most common psychological (mental) disorders. It refers to a type of mood disorder that is mainly manifested by a significant and lasting depression caused by various reasons. Clinically, the main manifestations are depression, unhappiness, and the severity of depression is not commensurate with the situation. It can range from gloomy to grief. Many patients have obvious anxiety and motor agitation. 

Some severe patients may appear pessimistic and world-weary, and may have suicide attempts or behaviors. The lighter people often think about death-related content, or feel that life is boring and boring; for the second time, life is worse than death, hoping to die without pain; after that, they will actively seek suicide methods and repeatedly seek suicide. Depression patients will eventually die by suicide in 10%-15%.

A single episode of depression lasts for at least 2 weeks, often protracted and repeated episodes. In addition to the body, the impact of depression on people involves many aspects such as thinking, feeling, and behavior.

How to treat depression?

The current main methods of treating depression are medication and psychotherapy. Antidepressant drugs can effectively relieve the depressive mood and the accompanying anxiety, tension and physical symptoms, and the effective rate is about 60%-80%. As a highly recurring disease, depressive episodes are currently advocated for full treatment, which is divided into three phases: acute treatment, consolidation treatment and maintenance treatment. For a single episode of depression, 50%-85% will have a second episode, so maintenance treatment is often required to prevent recurrence.

Some misunderstandings about depression treatment

Do I need medication as long as I suffer from depression? The answer is no. Mild depression can also be cured through psychotherapy. But if you suffer from moderate to severe depression, you need to receive medication as soon as possible. Many patients have some misunderstandings when taking medicine.

Misunderstanding 1

Antidepressants can become addictive

In the use of antidepressant drugs, a common misunderstanding of patients is that they will become addicted after taking antidepressants. In fact, antidepressants are not addictive. Some patients experienced some discomfort after drug reduction and drug withdrawal, because of insufficient treatment, drug reduction, recurrence of symptoms after drug withdrawal, or improper drug reduction method. Therefore, drug reduction and drug withdrawal must be carried out under the guidance of professionals.

Misunderstanding 2

It will be effective immediately after taking the antidepressant

Unlike most drugs, antidepressants do not have immediate effects. In most cases, side effects such as nausea and gastrointestinal discomfort will appear first, and then the antidepressant effect will gradually start to develop. In theory, antidepressants generally start to work in 2-4 weeks. If there is no significant improvement in depression symptoms 2-4 weeks after taking it, the dose can be appropriately increased or the drug can be changed.

Misunderstanding 3

The medication can be stopped after the symptoms are relieved

Many patients have taken the medicine for 2-4 weeks, and feel that the disease should be healed soon, so they stop the medicine by themselves. At this time, almost most of the patients' symptoms will repeat. Just in the process of getting better, the drug must not be stopped at this time. Pay attention to the appropriate time period to reduce the drug and stop the drug. It is best not to stop the drug when there is a possibility of major changes in life and work conditions.

Misunderstanding 4

Antidepressants contain hormones and have side effects

Dependence, let yourself gain weight

Some patients are scared when they hear that the doctor prescribes antidepressant drugs. They quickly asked the doctor if the drugs you prescribe contain hormones, have side effects, and can become dependent and make themselves fat. In fact, these concepts are all wrong. Antidepressants are not hormones and do not produce dependence. There may be some symptoms of dry mouth, dizziness, palpitation and gastrointestinal discomfort at the beginning of the medication. Generally, it is good to adapt within one or two weeks of taking the medication.

Misunderstanding 5

Taking antidepressants can make the patient's brain slow

Many patients mistakenly believe that taking antidepressants will make their brains dull and stupid. In fact, one symptom of depression is that the brain's thinking becomes slow and inflexible. Therefore, if depression is not treated in time, it will make the patient feel dumb and slow down the brain. After taking antidepressants, the patient's brain will return to normal.

Hope health.